\n\nDiscussion: To our knowledge this study is the first randomised controlled trial of the effectiveness of a depression ISG.”
“Review: The interval between collapse and emergency call influences the prognosis of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA). To reduce the interval, it is essential to identify the causes of delay.\n\nMethods: Basal data were collected prospectively by fire departments from 3746 OHCAs witnessed or recognised by citizens and in which resuscitation was attempted by emergency medical technicians (EMTs) between 1 April 2003 and 31 March 2008. EMTs identified the reasons for call delay by interview.\n\nResults:

The delay, defined as an interval exceeding 2 min (median selleck inhibitor value), was less frequent in the urban region, public places and for witnessed OHCAs. Delay was more frequent in care facilities and for elderly patients and OHCAs with longer response times. Multiple logistic regression analysis indicated that urban regions, care facilities and arrest witnesses are independent factors associated with delay. The ratio of correctable causes (human factors) was high at care facilities and at home, compared with other places. Calling others was a major reason for delay Duvelisib in all places. Performing cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) and other treatments was another major

reason at care facilities. Large delay, defined as an interval exceeding 5 min (upper-quartile value), was an independent factor associated with a low 1-year survival rate.\n\nConclusion: The incidence of correctable causes of delay is high in the community. Correction of emergency call manuals in care facilities and public relation efforts to facilitate an early emergency call may be necessary. Basic life support (BLS) education should

be modified to minimise delays related to making an emergency call. (c) 2010 Elsevier Ireland AZD6738 order Ltd. All rights reserved.”
“SpectralSpatial (SPSP) radiofrequency pulses are simultaneously selective in both the spectral and spatial domains. To selectively excite water spins and exclude fat, the individual subpulses that make up a SPSP pulse must be short (<1 ms at 4 T). A short subpulse duration limits the sharpness of the spatial slabs that can be excited when using a traditional SPSP pulse design approach. In this manuscript, the authors present an algorithm for designing SPSP pulses with substantially reduced maximum B1 amplitudes and specific absorption rates. The proposed algorithm alternates between iterative design of the radiofrequency waveform for a given gradient shape and minimum-time variable-rate selective excitation reshaping of the gradient waveform. This approach is shown to reduce peak B1 amplitudes in iteratively designed SPSP pulses by an order of magnitude.