Figure1 Histological examination of the retroperitoneal mass show bundles of spindle cells with

eosinophilic cytoplasm (H&E) Figure2 The immunohistochemical evaluation is strongly positive for smooth muscle actin (cytoplasmic staining). Figure 3 The immunohistochemical evaluation is strongly positive for progesterone receptors(nuclear staining) Figures 4 The immunohistochemical evaluation is strongly positive for estrogen #selleck chemicals keyword# receptors(nuclear staining). Discussion LPD is a very rare and benign disease, of which less than 140 cases have been reported.8 It is characterized by the presence of multiple smooth muscle nodules in the peritoneal surface. The disease etiology still remains unknown. Some authors believe that female gonadal steroids play an important and primary role in the pathogenesis of leiomyomatosis peritonealis. Similar to a number of situations such as pregnancy, extended exposure to oral Calcitriol IL-2 contraceptives and/or Inhibitors,research,lifescience,medical combined hormonal replacement therapy, oestrogen-secreting ovarian fibrothecoma, the disease is generally associated with high levels of exogenous and endogenous female gonadal Inhibitors,research,lifescience,medical steroids.3-5 Since, the disease is seen in post menopausal women and in males, the possible causes of it could be divided into hormonal, subperitoneal mesenchymal stem cells metaplasia, genetic, or iatrogenic after morcellation

Inhibitors,research,lifescience,medical of myoma during laparoscopic surgery.2,8 Surgeans and pathologisis face a challenge when dealing with LPD because its macroscopic appearances resembles

peritoneal carcinomatosis. While this condition is not common, it has to be taken into account in dealing with a patient with abdominal masses, and especially after a previous myomectomy or hysterectomy.1,2,4,5 The diagnosis of LPD is made on biopsy specimen, which generally demonstrates a benign smooth muscle abnormal growth originating from the Inhibitors,research,lifescience,medical multicentric metaplasia of the peritoneal surface.8-11 LPD needs to be distinguished from leiomyosarcoma.4,5,8 Steroid hormone receptors have been detected in the proliferating cells of LPD.1,3,5 So the reduction of estrogen exposure results in regression of LPD.1,3,9 Therefore surgical casteration or gonadotropin releasing hormone agonist seems the appropriate treatment of such conditions.3,12 Conclusion Leiomyomas should be considered in the differential diagnoses of intraperitoneal or retropevitoneal masses distinct from the uterus. GSK-3 Conflict of Interest: None declared
Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency is one of the most common hereditary hemolytic disorders in human, affecting around 400 million people worldwide.1 The majority of deficient individuals live in tropical and subtropical regions where malaria is still endemic or has been eradicated only recently. In fact, G6PD deficient individuals have been protected from severe forms of malaria in these areas.