Both are strongly associated with underlying alcohol and drug dependence. Prevention and treatment implications are discussed.

(C) 2011 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.”
“Background: n-3 (omega-3) Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), fish, and nuts can regulate inflammatory processes and responses.

Objective: We investigated whether dietary intakes of PUFAs [n-3, n-6 (omega-6), and alpha-linolenic acid], fish, and nuts were associated with 15-y mortality attributed to noncardiovascular, noncancer inflammatory diseases.

Design: The analyses involved 2514 participants aged >49 y at baseline. Dietary data were collected by using a semiquantitative food-frequency questionnaire, and PUFA, fish, and nut intakes were calculated. Inflammatory disease mortality was confirmed from the Australian National Death Index.

Results: Over 15 y, 214 subjects died of inflammatory diseases. Women in the highest tertiles of total n-3 PUFA intake, compared with HSP990 ic50 those in the lowest tertile of intake at baseline, had a 44% reduced risk of inflammatory PHA-848125 ic50 disease mortality (P for trend = 0.03). This association was not observed in men. In both men and women, each 1-SD increase

in energy-adjusted intake of alpha-linolenic acid was inversely associated with inflammatory mortality (hazard ratio: 0.83; 95% CI: 0.71, 0.98). Subjects in the second and third tertiles of nut consumption had a 51% and 32% reduced risk of inflammatory disease mortality, respectively, compared with those in the first tertile (reference). Dietary intakes of long-chain n-3 and n-6 PUFAs and fish were not associated with inflammatory disease mortality.

Conclusions: We report on a novel link between dietary intake of total n-3 PUFA and risk of inflammatory disease mortality in older women. Furthermore, our data indicate a protective Mocetinostat concentration role of nuts, but not fish, against inflammatory disease mortality. Am J Clin Nutr 2011;93:1073-9.”
“Lipase

immobilization on asymmetric polysulfone (PS) membranes was done by physical adsorption and covalent coupling techniques. The glutaraldehyde (Glu) crosslink showed maximum immobilization (1.53 mg/cm2) on the hydrazine (Hz)-modified membrane surface. Lipase immobilization on the membrane was proved by different analytical tools (viz., X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy). The hydrolase-immobilized enzyme marked its hydrolyzing ability to different oils (olive, palm, and castor oils). The hydrolysis yield (U/mg) for the different immobilized membranes was in the following order: Olive oil > Palm oil > Castor oil. The PSHzGlulipase membrane showed maximum hydrolyzing ability for olive oil (62.37 U/mg) and minimum hydrolyzing ability for castor oil (38.11 U/mg). The low aptitude for the hydrolysis of castor oil was explained by the presence of ricinoleic acid in the main composition. The lowest affinity toward castor oil (MichaelisMenten constant = 18.86 mM) also featured the same.