The FLS lack NALP3 protein expression despite the presence of NALP3 mRNA, and activators of the NALP3 inflammasome were unable

to induce functional IL-1β secretion. Finally, the pattern of expression of known NLRs are comparable in RA and OA synovium, suggesting that NLRs are not a critical determinant of the pathology of these two diseases. This work was supported by grants from the Fonds National Suisse de la Recherche Scientifique (K-32K1-116460 to N.B. and 320000-120319/1 to G.P.) and by the Jean and Linette Warnery foundation. We are indebted to Monica Azevedo for excellent technical PLX-4720 in vitro support. The authors declare that they have no competing interests. L.K. was responsible for the majority of the practical work and for the writing of the manuscript. The study was originally designed by A.S. and N.B. G.P., D.T.

and V.C. were involved in different methodological parts and interpretation of the data. A.S. and N.B. were involved in interpretation of the results and manuscript writing. All authors read and approved the final manuscript. “
“Citation selleck kinase inhibitor Ohel I, Levy A, Zweig A, Holcberg G, Sheiner E. Pregnancy complication and outcome in women with history of allergy to medicinal agents. Am J Reprod Immunol 2010; 64: 152–158 Problem  Pregnancy outcome in women with a previous history of drug allergy and the role of drug allergies in adverse pregnancy outcomes is unclear. Method of study  A retrospective cohort 3-mercaptopyruvate sulfurtransferase study comparing pregnancies of women with and without history of drug allergy was conducted. Data were collected from the computerized perinatal database. A multiple logistic regression model, with background

elimination, was constructed to control for confounders. Results  Of 186,443 deliveries, 4.6% (n = 8647) occurred in patients with a history of drug allergy. The following conditions were significantly associated with a history of drug allergy: advanced maternal age, recurrent abortions, fertility treatments, hypertensive disorders, and diabetes mellitus. Using multivariate analysis, with background elimination, history of drug allergy was significantly associated with intrauterine growth restriction (OR = 1.52, CI = 1.3–0.8, P < 0.001) and with preterm delivery (OR = 1.26, CI = 1.14–1.38, P < 0.001). Conclusion  A history of drug allergy is an independent risk factor for intrauterine growth restriction and preterm delivery. Further prospective studies are needed to investigate the nature of this association. "
“Thrombophilia is associated with pregnancy complications. Treatment with low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) improves pregnancy outcome, but the underlying mechanisms are not clear. We analyzed Treg frequency in blood from thrombophilic pregnancies treated with LMWH (n = 32) or untreated (n = 33) and from healthy pregnancies (n = 39) at all trimesters.