Effort

had a larger effect than injury severity on WMS-III scores (average Cohen’s d=−1.27). Clinical implications of these findings are discussed. “
“The specificity of the Word Memory Test (WMT) effort indices was examined in 48 individuals with minimal to mild head injury (MHI) in the acute stages post-injury. None of the individuals was involved in litigation or disability claims. At the established cut-offs, the WMT had an unacceptable false-positive rate (18%). T test analysis was also carried out for WMT passers and failures on a battery of neuropsychometric measures and across a range of demographic variables. The WMT was performed at a significantly lower level on the Wechsler Memory Scale – III word list sub-tests and verbal fluency tests (p < .05). This suggests that WMT failure may be indicative of a specific deficit in verbal processing in the acute phase of MHI. "
“In this paper, the effectiveness of interventions for SB203580 in vivo executive disorders

was reviewed. The objective was to evaluate the internal and external validity of intervention studies. A total of 46 papers, describing 54 studies, conducted in the last two decades meeting several preset inclusion criteria, was included in this review. The studies were categorized into three treatment approaches in order to enhance comparability. The overall results show that many interventions yield positive outcomes and seem to be effective in reducing executive problems in brain-injured subjects. However, several studies have only an explorative intent and are based on less sophisticated experimental designs. The verification of their results is generally this website more tenuous. The internal validity, or the set-up of experimental conditions Succinyl-CoA necessary to draw valid conclusions about treatment effectiveness, including the choice of well-matched control groups, or the randomization of patients over treatment and control conditions, is not always strong. The same conclusion can be drawn for the external validity of a number of the intervention studies; often evidence of generalization to real-life situations, long-term follow-up, and

transfer to non-trained situations, were (partially) lacking in the studies under review. The authors are aware that the design of proper randomized controlled trials for the investigation of the treatment effectiveness of executive disorders is cumbersome and time consuming. Nonetheless, the provisional results of several well-designed studies described in this review make the effort worthwhile. “
“Data for copying and delayed recall (after a 15-min delay) of the Modified Taylor Complex Figure (MTCF), an alternative form of the Rey-Osterrieth Complex Figure (ROCF), were collected from 290 healthy participants. Normative data are provided. Age and education were significantly correlated with MTCF scores and must be corrected for to interpret results accurately.