Twenty-five

participants were tested with both complex figures (MTCF and ROCF) in two separate sessions to assess correlation, which proved to be high. The collected data allow using the MTCF as a valid alternative material for testing visual long-term memory avoiding implicit learning that can occur when the same version of the ROCF is used for repeated testing sessions. “
“Objectives. To develop supplementary methods for the analysis of the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-Fourth Edition (WAIS-IV) in neuropsychological assessment. Design and Methods. Psychometric. Results. The following methods are made available: (a) provision of traditional confidence intervals (CIs) on index scores, (b) expression MK2206 of the endpoints of CIs as percentile ranks; (c) quantification of the number of abnormally low index scores exhibited by a case and accompanying estimate of PD-1 inhibiton the percentage of the normative population expected to exhibit at least this number of low scores; (d) quantification of the reliability and abnormality

of index score deviations from an individual’s index score mean (thereby offering an alternative to the pairwise approach to index score comparisons available in the WAIS-IV manual); (e) provision of CIs on an individual’s deviation scores or pairwise difference scores, (f) estimation of the percentage of the normative population expected to exhibit at least as many abnormal deviations or abnormal pairwise differences as a case; and (g) calculation of a case’s Mahalanobis

distance index (MDI), thereby providing a multivariate estimate of the overall abnormality of an index score profile. With the exception of the MDI, all the methods can be applied using tables provided in this MCE paper. However, for ease and speed of application, and to reduce the possibility of clerical error, all the methods have also been implemented in a computer program. Conclusions. The methods are useful for neuropsychological interpretation of the WAIS-IV. “
“Three experiments tested the hypothesis that activation of semantic memory from perceptual input does not require initial retention of the perceptual material in working memory as assumed by a widely held view of information processing. In Expt 1, two brain-damaged patients with left-sided unilateral spatial neglect were tested. They were asked to listen to and read a series of familiar (British) and unfamiliar (foreign) proverbs and to choose which proverb was the best match to a depicted figure shown with the target object(s) on the left (neglected side) of the patients’ visual field. Expt 2 simulated the testing conditions for the neglect patients with healthy participants using subliminal presentation of one half of each picture. Using different materials, Expt 3 replicated the outcomes of Expts 1 and 2 with a third neglect patient and a new group of controls.

Twenty-five

participants were tested with both complex figures (MTCF and ROCF) in two separate sessions to assess correlation, which proved to be high. The collected data allow using the MTCF as a valid alternative material for testing visual long-term memory avoiding implicit learning that can occur when the same version of the ROCF is used for repeated testing sessions. “
“Objectives. To develop supplementary methods for the analysis of the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-Fourth Edition (WAIS-IV) in neuropsychological assessment. Design and Methods. Psychometric. Results. The following methods are made available: (a) provision of traditional confidence intervals (CIs) on index scores, (b) expression BVD-523 in vitro of the endpoints of CIs as percentile ranks; (c) quantification of the number of abnormally low index scores exhibited by a case and accompanying estimate of CP-673451 order the percentage of the normative population expected to exhibit at least this number of low scores; (d) quantification of the reliability and abnormality

of index score deviations from an individual’s index score mean (thereby offering an alternative to the pairwise approach to index score comparisons available in the WAIS-IV manual); (e) provision of CIs on an individual’s deviation scores or pairwise difference scores, (f) estimation of the percentage of the normative population expected to exhibit at least as many abnormal deviations or abnormal pairwise differences as a case; and (g) calculation of a case’s Mahalanobis

distance index (MDI), thereby providing a multivariate estimate of the overall abnormality of an index score profile. With the exception of the MDI, all the methods can be applied using tables provided in this MCE公司 paper. However, for ease and speed of application, and to reduce the possibility of clerical error, all the methods have also been implemented in a computer program. Conclusions. The methods are useful for neuropsychological interpretation of the WAIS-IV. “
“Three experiments tested the hypothesis that activation of semantic memory from perceptual input does not require initial retention of the perceptual material in working memory as assumed by a widely held view of information processing. In Expt 1, two brain-damaged patients with left-sided unilateral spatial neglect were tested. They were asked to listen to and read a series of familiar (British) and unfamiliar (foreign) proverbs and to choose which proverb was the best match to a depicted figure shown with the target object(s) on the left (neglected side) of the patients’ visual field. Expt 2 simulated the testing conditions for the neglect patients with healthy participants using subliminal presentation of one half of each picture. Using different materials, Expt 3 replicated the outcomes of Expts 1 and 2 with a third neglect patient and a new group of controls.

Results: The positive rate of ABCG2 protein expression in colorectal carcinoma was 67.7%. Overexpression of ABCG2 was significantly associated with lymph node metastasis, clinical stage, and Dukes stage (P < 0.05), but was not correlated with patient's gender, age, tumor location, tumor differentiation degree and size, depth of invasion, vascular and nerve invasion or distant metastasis. NF-κB expression was significantly increased in colorectal carcinoma, compared to normal colorectal

epithelial. Overexpression of NF-κB was not correlated with patient’s clinicopathological parameters. However, overexpression of ABCG2 and NF-κB were significantly correlated (r = 0.686, P = 0.001) in colorectal carcinoma. Conclusion: High expression of ABCG2 and NF-κB were found in colorectal GSK126 price carcinoma. ABCG2 was correlated closely with lymph node metastasis, clinical stage, and Dukes stage. The interaction between ABCG2 and NF-κB may be involved in the development of colorectal carcinoma. Key Word(s): 1. ABCG2; 2. colorectal carcinoma; 3. NF-κB; Presenting Author: YANGYING YING Corresponding Author: YANGYING YING Affiliations: Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical College Objective: To explore the effects of gastrin-17

and its antagonist PGL on cell proliferation and the expression of TFF1, TFF3 in human gastric cancer line MKN-45. Methods: MKN45 PI3K inhibitor cells were incubated in the medium with Gas-17 (1∼1000 nmo1/L), proglumide (1∼10 mmol/L) and the combination of these two agents (100 nmo1/L Gas-17 and 1∼10 mmol/L proglumide). Cell growth and proliferation of MKN45 were analyzed with MTT assay. The expression of TFFs was determined by Western-Blot in MKN45 cells and were incubated with Gas-17 (1∼100 nmo1/L), proglumide (10 mmol/L) while the combination of these two agents (100 nmo1/L Gas-17 and 10 mmol/L proglumide).

Results: MTT showed Gas-17 significantly promote cell proliferation at the concertration of 1∼1000 nmo1/L (p < 0.05), PGL at the concertration of 1∼10 mmol/L significantly inhibite the proliferation of MKN45 cells (p < 0.05). In the combination of these two agents, PGL (1∼10 mmol/L) significantly blocked and inhibite the medchemexpress proliferation of MKN-45 cells induced by Gas-17 (p < 0.05). Meanwhile, WB showed gastric cancer line MKN45 have the expression of TFF1 and TFF3 protein. Gas-17 at the concertration of 1∼100 nmo1/L significantly strengthen the expression of TFF3 in MKN45 cells (p < 0.05) and inhibite the expression of TFF1. In the combination of these two agents, PGL significantly can inhibite the expression of TFF1, TFF3 stimulated by Gas-17 (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Gas-17 would promote cell proliferation in human gastric cancer line MKN45 and inhibite the expression of TFF1, strengthen the expression of TFF3. Its antagonist PGL significantly blocked and inhibite the role.

Results: The positive rate of ABCG2 protein expression in colorectal carcinoma was 67.7%. Overexpression of ABCG2 was significantly associated with lymph node metastasis, clinical stage, and Dukes stage (P < 0.05), but was not correlated with patient's gender, age, tumor location, tumor differentiation degree and size, depth of invasion, vascular and nerve invasion or distant metastasis. NF-κB expression was significantly increased in colorectal carcinoma, compared to normal colorectal

epithelial. Overexpression of NF-κB was not correlated with patient’s clinicopathological parameters. However, overexpression of ABCG2 and NF-κB were significantly correlated (r = 0.686, P = 0.001) in colorectal carcinoma. Conclusion: High expression of ABCG2 and NF-κB were found in colorectal Doxorubicin concentration carcinoma. ABCG2 was correlated closely with lymph node metastasis, clinical stage, and Dukes stage. The interaction between ABCG2 and NF-κB may be involved in the development of colorectal carcinoma. Key Word(s): 1. ABCG2; 2. colorectal carcinoma; 3. NF-κB; Presenting Author: YANGYING YING Corresponding Author: YANGYING YING Affiliations: Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical College Objective: To explore the effects of gastrin-17

and its antagonist PGL on cell proliferation and the expression of TFF1, TFF3 in human gastric cancer line MKN-45. Methods: MKN45 selleck cells were incubated in the medium with Gas-17 (1∼1000 nmo1/L), proglumide (1∼10 mmol/L) and the combination of these two agents (100 nmo1/L Gas-17 and 1∼10 mmol/L proglumide). Cell growth and proliferation of MKN45 were analyzed with MTT assay. The expression of TFFs was determined by Western-Blot in MKN45 cells and were incubated with Gas-17 (1∼100 nmo1/L), proglumide (10 mmol/L) while the combination of these two agents (100 nmo1/L Gas-17 and 10 mmol/L proglumide).

Results: MTT showed Gas-17 significantly promote cell proliferation at the concertration of 1∼1000 nmo1/L (p < 0.05), PGL at the concertration of 1∼10 mmol/L significantly inhibite the proliferation of MKN45 cells (p < 0.05). In the combination of these two agents, PGL (1∼10 mmol/L) significantly blocked and inhibite the 上海皓元医药股份有限公司 proliferation of MKN-45 cells induced by Gas-17 (p < 0.05). Meanwhile, WB showed gastric cancer line MKN45 have the expression of TFF1 and TFF3 protein. Gas-17 at the concertration of 1∼100 nmo1/L significantly strengthen the expression of TFF3 in MKN45 cells (p < 0.05) and inhibite the expression of TFF1. In the combination of these two agents, PGL significantly can inhibite the expression of TFF1, TFF3 stimulated by Gas-17 (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Gas-17 would promote cell proliferation in human gastric cancer line MKN45 and inhibite the expression of TFF1, strengthen the expression of TFF3. Its antagonist PGL significantly blocked and inhibite the role.

Results: The positive rate of ABCG2 protein expression in colorectal carcinoma was 67.7%. Overexpression of ABCG2 was significantly associated with lymph node metastasis, clinical stage, and Dukes stage (P < 0.05), but was not correlated with patient's gender, age, tumor location, tumor differentiation degree and size, depth of invasion, vascular and nerve invasion or distant metastasis. NF-κB expression was significantly increased in colorectal carcinoma, compared to normal colorectal

epithelial. Overexpression of NF-κB was not correlated with patient’s clinicopathological parameters. However, overexpression of ABCG2 and NF-κB were significantly correlated (r = 0.686, P = 0.001) in colorectal carcinoma. Conclusion: High expression of ABCG2 and NF-κB were found in colorectal this website carcinoma. ABCG2 was correlated closely with lymph node metastasis, clinical stage, and Dukes stage. The interaction between ABCG2 and NF-κB may be involved in the development of colorectal carcinoma. Key Word(s): 1. ABCG2; 2. colorectal carcinoma; 3. NF-κB; Presenting Author: YANGYING YING Corresponding Author: YANGYING YING Affiliations: Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical College Objective: To explore the effects of gastrin-17

and its antagonist PGL on cell proliferation and the expression of TFF1, TFF3 in human gastric cancer line MKN-45. Methods: MKN45 LY2157299 cells were incubated in the medium with Gas-17 (1∼1000 nmo1/L), proglumide (1∼10 mmol/L) and the combination of these two agents (100 nmo1/L Gas-17 and 1∼10 mmol/L proglumide). Cell growth and proliferation of MKN45 were analyzed with MTT assay. The expression of TFFs was determined by Western-Blot in MKN45 cells and were incubated with Gas-17 (1∼100 nmo1/L), proglumide (10 mmol/L) while the combination of these two agents (100 nmo1/L Gas-17 and 10 mmol/L proglumide).

Results: MTT showed Gas-17 significantly promote cell proliferation at the concertration of 1∼1000 nmo1/L (p < 0.05), PGL at the concertration of 1∼10 mmol/L significantly inhibite the proliferation of MKN45 cells (p < 0.05). In the combination of these two agents, PGL (1∼10 mmol/L) significantly blocked and inhibite the MCE公司 proliferation of MKN-45 cells induced by Gas-17 (p < 0.05). Meanwhile, WB showed gastric cancer line MKN45 have the expression of TFF1 and TFF3 protein. Gas-17 at the concertration of 1∼100 nmo1/L significantly strengthen the expression of TFF3 in MKN45 cells (p < 0.05) and inhibite the expression of TFF1. In the combination of these two agents, PGL significantly can inhibite the expression of TFF1, TFF3 stimulated by Gas-17 (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Gas-17 would promote cell proliferation in human gastric cancer line MKN45 and inhibite the expression of TFF1, strengthen the expression of TFF3. Its antagonist PGL significantly blocked and inhibite the role.

Five weeks postoperatively, the FVIII activity level was 2% and the factor VIII inhibitor was measured at 16 Bethesda units (BU). Twelve weeks later, the inhibitor titre had fallen

to 1 BU. He was taking rFVIIa for continued minor oozing from the prostate bed, but was not suffering from any spontaneous bleeds. Factor VIII gene sequencing revealed a missense mutation, Arg593Cys, in the A2 domain. Ibrutinib concentration There are approximately 50 reported cases of the Arg593Cys mutation in the haemophilia A mutation database (http://hadb.org.uk) and it has been previously associated with inhibitors. Evaluation of this patient’s inhibitor showed a polyclonal response with the largest quantity of antibodies being directed against the A2 and C2 domains of FVIII (Fig. 1). www.selleckchem.com/products/ABT-888.html A 20-year-old man with moderate haemophilia A (FVIII activity 3%) had previously received factor infusions only for trauma-related bleeds. Approximately 18 months prior to presentation, a FVIII inhibitor of 10.2 Nijmegen-BU was detected on routine screening labs. The patient was not experiencing any change in the pattern of bleeding and on repeat evaluation 6 months later, the inhibitor was not detected. The patient presented with complaints of right-sided abdominal pain. CT scan was remarkable for a complex mass in the right lower quadrant and right hydronephrosis.

Preoperative PTT was 54.3 s and the patient received 100% FVIII correction prior to surgery. Intraoperative exploration revealed localized perforation and inflammation of the right colon with haemorrhage into the wall. He underwent emergent right hemicolectomy and ureteral stenting. There was no histologic evidence of acute appendicitis, thus a pseudotumor with erosion into the colon was suspected. Postoperatively, the medchemexpress patient received 50% FVIII dose every 12 h without correction of his PTT. A mixing study was consistent with an FVIII inhibitor

(Table 1), but titre was 0 by Bethesda assay. On postoperative day 5, the patient experienced oozing from the wound. Local pressure, rFVIIa and increased doses of FVIII were used and haemostasis was achieved. The patient was discharged, but returned 2 days later with a massive gastrointestinal haemorrhage from a vessel at the anastomotic site. Inhibitor titre was 32 BU. He was treated with endoscopically placed vascular clips, desmopressin (DDAVP) and activated prothrombin complex concentrate (aPCC) followed by rFVIIa. The bleeding resolved and the patient was discharged on prophylactic rFVIIa. Evaluation of the patient’s inhibitor 5 months later revealed a titre of 3.6 BU; in 13 months the inhibitor titre was 0 BU. Factor VIII gene sequencing revealed a missense mutation, Arg1941Gln, in the A3 domain. According to a recent search of the haemophilia A mutation database, there have been more than 10 previous reports of this mutation. The Arg1941Gln mutation has not been associated with inhibitor formation in previous reports.

Five weeks postoperatively, the FVIII activity level was 2% and the factor VIII inhibitor was measured at 16 Bethesda units (BU). Twelve weeks later, the inhibitor titre had fallen

to 1 BU. He was taking rFVIIa for continued minor oozing from the prostate bed, but was not suffering from any spontaneous bleeds. Factor VIII gene sequencing revealed a missense mutation, Arg593Cys, in the A2 domain. selleck kinase inhibitor There are approximately 50 reported cases of the Arg593Cys mutation in the haemophilia A mutation database (http://hadb.org.uk) and it has been previously associated with inhibitors. Evaluation of this patient’s inhibitor showed a polyclonal response with the largest quantity of antibodies being directed against the A2 and C2 domains of FVIII (Fig. 1). INK 128 research buy A 20-year-old man with moderate haemophilia A (FVIII activity 3%) had previously received factor infusions only for trauma-related bleeds. Approximately 18 months prior to presentation, a FVIII inhibitor of 10.2 Nijmegen-BU was detected on routine screening labs. The patient was not experiencing any change in the pattern of bleeding and on repeat evaluation 6 months later, the inhibitor was not detected. The patient presented with complaints of right-sided abdominal pain. CT scan was remarkable for a complex mass in the right lower quadrant and right hydronephrosis.

Preoperative PTT was 54.3 s and the patient received 100% FVIII correction prior to surgery. Intraoperative exploration revealed localized perforation and inflammation of the right colon with haemorrhage into the wall. He underwent emergent right hemicolectomy and ureteral stenting. There was no histologic evidence of acute appendicitis, thus a pseudotumor with erosion into the colon was suspected. Postoperatively, the medchemexpress patient received 50% FVIII dose every 12 h without correction of his PTT. A mixing study was consistent with an FVIII inhibitor

(Table 1), but titre was 0 by Bethesda assay. On postoperative day 5, the patient experienced oozing from the wound. Local pressure, rFVIIa and increased doses of FVIII were used and haemostasis was achieved. The patient was discharged, but returned 2 days later with a massive gastrointestinal haemorrhage from a vessel at the anastomotic site. Inhibitor titre was 32 BU. He was treated with endoscopically placed vascular clips, desmopressin (DDAVP) and activated prothrombin complex concentrate (aPCC) followed by rFVIIa. The bleeding resolved and the patient was discharged on prophylactic rFVIIa. Evaluation of the patient’s inhibitor 5 months later revealed a titre of 3.6 BU; in 13 months the inhibitor titre was 0 BU. Factor VIII gene sequencing revealed a missense mutation, Arg1941Gln, in the A3 domain. According to a recent search of the haemophilia A mutation database, there have been more than 10 previous reports of this mutation. The Arg1941Gln mutation has not been associated with inhibitor formation in previous reports.

A reorganized occlusal approach requires a more accurate registration of the desired jaw position, and where it is difficult to achieve this, an occlusal splint is indicated. This clinical report documents a 60-year-old man with a Prosthodontic

Diagnostic Index Class IV dentition, who prior to a full-mouth reconstruction, underwent occlusal splint therapy with a Michigan-type splint that incorporated z-springs to allow concurrent orthodontic tooth movement of two anterior teeth to positions that would allow favorable restorations by correcting occlusal and esthetic form. “
“Purpose: The rationale for using gold alloys is based largely upon their alleged ability to resist corrosion, but little information is available to determine the corrosion behavior of recast alloys. This study characterized the elemental composition of as-received and recast type III gold alloy and examined PLX3397 purchase the in vitro corrosion behavior in two media using a potentiodynamic

polarization technique. Materials and Methods: Seventy-eight disk-shaped specimens were prepared from a type III gold alloy under three casting protocols according to the proportion of as-received and recast gold alloy (n = 26). (1) Group as received (100% as-received metal), (2) group 50% to 50% (50% wt. new metal, 50% wt. once Olaparib purchase recast metal), and (3) group recast (100% once recast metal). The surface structures of 20 specimens from each group were examined under scanning electron microscopy, and their elemental compositions were determined using X-ray energy-dispersive spectroscopy. Further, the potentiodynamic cyclic polarization between −1000 and +1000 mV (SCE) were performed for six specimens from each casting protocol in 0.09% NaCl solution (n = 3) and Fusayama artificial saliva (n = 3) at 37°C. Zero-current potential and corrosion current density were determined. The data were analyzed with 1-way ANOVA and the Ryan–Einot–Gabriel–Welsch multiple-range test t (α= 0.05). Results: Elemental composition was significantly different among the casting groups (p < 0.001).

medchemexpress The mean weight percentage values were 72.4 to 75.7% Au, 4.5 to 7.0% Pd, 10.7 to 11.1% Ag, 7.8 to 8.4% Cu, and 1.0 to 1.4% Zn. The mean values for Zero-current potential and corrosion current density for all casting protocols were not significant (p > 0.05); however, the difference between the electrolytes was significant (p < 0.001). Fusayama artificial saliva seemed to offer the most corrosive environment. Conclusions: Type III gold alloy in any casting protocol retained passivity under electrochemical conditions similar to the oral environment. Moreover, high-gold type III alloys from reputable manufacturers and recasting protocol tested should produce acceptable corrosion-resistant castings. "
“A method is described for the fabrication of a closed hollow bulb obturator prosthesis using a hard thermoforming splint material and heat-cured acrylic resin.

A reorganized occlusal approach requires a more accurate registration of the desired jaw position, and where it is difficult to achieve this, an occlusal splint is indicated. This clinical report documents a 60-year-old man with a Prosthodontic

Diagnostic Index Class IV dentition, who prior to a full-mouth reconstruction, underwent occlusal splint therapy with a Michigan-type splint that incorporated z-springs to allow concurrent orthodontic tooth movement of two anterior teeth to positions that would allow favorable restorations by correcting occlusal and esthetic form. “
“Purpose: The rationale for using gold alloys is based largely upon their alleged ability to resist corrosion, but little information is available to determine the corrosion behavior of recast alloys. This study characterized the elemental composition of as-received and recast type III gold alloy and examined HSP inhibitor the in vitro corrosion behavior in two media using a potentiodynamic

polarization technique. Materials and Methods: Seventy-eight disk-shaped specimens were prepared from a type III gold alloy under three casting protocols according to the proportion of as-received and recast gold alloy (n = 26). (1) Group as received (100% as-received metal), (2) group 50% to 50% (50% wt. new metal, 50% wt. once Crizotinib recast metal), and (3) group recast (100% once recast metal). The surface structures of 20 specimens from each group were examined under scanning electron microscopy, and their elemental compositions were determined using X-ray energy-dispersive spectroscopy. Further, the potentiodynamic cyclic polarization between −1000 and +1000 mV (SCE) were performed for six specimens from each casting protocol in 0.09% NaCl solution (n = 3) and Fusayama artificial saliva (n = 3) at 37°C. Zero-current potential and corrosion current density were determined. The data were analyzed with 1-way ANOVA and the Ryan–Einot–Gabriel–Welsch multiple-range test t (α= 0.05). Results: Elemental composition was significantly different among the casting groups (p < 0.001).

上海皓元医药股份有限公司 The mean weight percentage values were 72.4 to 75.7% Au, 4.5 to 7.0% Pd, 10.7 to 11.1% Ag, 7.8 to 8.4% Cu, and 1.0 to 1.4% Zn. The mean values for Zero-current potential and corrosion current density for all casting protocols were not significant (p > 0.05); however, the difference between the electrolytes was significant (p < 0.001). Fusayama artificial saliva seemed to offer the most corrosive environment. Conclusions: Type III gold alloy in any casting protocol retained passivity under electrochemical conditions similar to the oral environment. Moreover, high-gold type III alloys from reputable manufacturers and recasting protocol tested should produce acceptable corrosion-resistant castings. "
“A method is described for the fabrication of a closed hollow bulb obturator prosthesis using a hard thermoforming splint material and heat-cured acrylic resin.

A reorganized occlusal approach requires a more accurate registration of the desired jaw position, and where it is difficult to achieve this, an occlusal splint is indicated. This clinical report documents a 60-year-old man with a Prosthodontic

Diagnostic Index Class IV dentition, who prior to a full-mouth reconstruction, underwent occlusal splint therapy with a Michigan-type splint that incorporated z-springs to allow concurrent orthodontic tooth movement of two anterior teeth to positions that would allow favorable restorations by correcting occlusal and esthetic form. “
“Purpose: The rationale for using gold alloys is based largely upon their alleged ability to resist corrosion, but little information is available to determine the corrosion behavior of recast alloys. This study characterized the elemental composition of as-received and recast type III gold alloy and examined Autophagy Compound Library supplier the in vitro corrosion behavior in two media using a potentiodynamic

polarization technique. Materials and Methods: Seventy-eight disk-shaped specimens were prepared from a type III gold alloy under three casting protocols according to the proportion of as-received and recast gold alloy (n = 26). (1) Group as received (100% as-received metal), (2) group 50% to 50% (50% wt. new metal, 50% wt. once Sirolimus cell line recast metal), and (3) group recast (100% once recast metal). The surface structures of 20 specimens from each group were examined under scanning electron microscopy, and their elemental compositions were determined using X-ray energy-dispersive spectroscopy. Further, the potentiodynamic cyclic polarization between −1000 and +1000 mV (SCE) were performed for six specimens from each casting protocol in 0.09% NaCl solution (n = 3) and Fusayama artificial saliva (n = 3) at 37°C. Zero-current potential and corrosion current density were determined. The data were analyzed with 1-way ANOVA and the Ryan–Einot–Gabriel–Welsch multiple-range test t (α= 0.05). Results: Elemental composition was significantly different among the casting groups (p < 0.001).

MCE The mean weight percentage values were 72.4 to 75.7% Au, 4.5 to 7.0% Pd, 10.7 to 11.1% Ag, 7.8 to 8.4% Cu, and 1.0 to 1.4% Zn. The mean values for Zero-current potential and corrosion current density for all casting protocols were not significant (p > 0.05); however, the difference between the electrolytes was significant (p < 0.001). Fusayama artificial saliva seemed to offer the most corrosive environment. Conclusions: Type III gold alloy in any casting protocol retained passivity under electrochemical conditions similar to the oral environment. Moreover, high-gold type III alloys from reputable manufacturers and recasting protocol tested should produce acceptable corrosion-resistant castings. "
“A method is described for the fabrication of a closed hollow bulb obturator prosthesis using a hard thermoforming splint material and heat-cured acrylic resin.